The pneumococcal vaccine, also known as the pneumonia shot or Pneumovax, may boost a senior’s immunity against serious, and potentially deadly, infections caused by the Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium.
What is Pneumonia?
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that can be spread from person to person. People can get a pneumonia infection more than once. This lung infection may be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi or by inhaling a chemical or liquid.
Symptoms of pneumonia primarily include:
- Breathing difficulties
- Cough
- Fever
A healthcare professional may diagnose pneumonia based on symptoms, tests such as a chest x-ray, and/or testing the blood or fluid in the lungs. About 25% of pneumonia infections are caused by the Streptococcus pneumoniae bacterium.
Treatment depends on what is causing the pneumonia. Success of treatment is affected by the person's immune system, whether or not the bacteria is resistant, severity of infection, and many other variables.
Ways to prevent pneumonia include:
- Frequent hand washing
- Avoiding smoking
- Avoiding breathing in dust and mold by wearing a mask when cleaning
- Staying active
- Getting appropriate rest
- Eating a healthy diet
- Getting the pneumococcal vaccine
- Getting the flu shot (because having the flu can lead to a pneumonia infection)
Why Should Seniors Consider Getting a Pneumonia Shot?
Seniors that are 65 and older are two to three times more likely than the general population to get a pneumococcal infection, according to The Department of Health and Human Services 1996 article entitled “Pneumonia Prevention: It’s Worth a Shot.” Serious pneumococcal infections mainly occur in the:
- Lungs (pneumonia – most common site)
- Brain/spinal fluid (meningitis)
- Blood (bacteremia)
Seniors, especially older adults with chronic illnesses or weakened immunity, may be more vulnerable to the potentially deadly effects of pneumonia and may also suffer serious side effects of treatment. Ten to fifty percent of adults in developed nations who have a pneumococcal pneumonia die from the infection, according to the World Health Organization’s 2003 article entitled “Pneumococcal vaccines.”
Pneumonia Shot Side Effects and General Information
The pneumonia shot is not a live vaccine, therefore it does not cause pneumonia. People who choose to get a pneumonia shot may also get a flu shot at the same time. Seniors who are experiencing an illness, particularly accompanied by a fever, may be advised to wait until they recover before receiving the pneumonia vaccine. Allergic reactions to the pneumonia shot are rare, but those who have experienced an allergic reaction to the pneumonia shot should not get a booster.
About half of people who receive a pneumococcal vaccine experience redness, soreness, and swelling in the area where the injection was given, which is usually in the upper arm. This typically goes away within a short period of time. All vaccines have a potential risk of more serious side effects, so seniors should speak with a healthcare provider regarding their individual risks and benefits regarding the pneumonia shot.
Most seniors only need one pneumococcal shot for approximately ten years of immunity to pneumococcal infections. Some sources indicate that people between the ages of 50 and 65 might experience a better immune effect from the pneumonia shot. Some people, particularly those with lowered immunity, and people who received their first shot before turning 65 and more than five years ago may need one booster pneumonia shot.
Limitations of the Pneumonia Shot include:
- It does not protect against other types of pneumonia
- It does not guarantee that the person will not get bacterial pneumonia, but studies show that it can prevent most cases of pneumococcal pneumonia.
- It will not treat active pneumonia infections.
- This is not the same as the pneumococcal-conjugate vaccine for young children
How Much Does the Pneumonia Shot Cost?
At this time, a one-time dose of pneumococcal vaccine is free to seniors with Medicare who have a physician’s order for the shot. Others may also qualify for a free pneumonia shot. Seniors with other types of health insurance may wish to check coverage limitations and requirements for the shot. The cost of the vaccine is much less than the cost associated with a serious case of pneumonia.
Pneumonia Shot for Seniors
Pneumonia can be deadly to seniors, but the pneumococcal vaccine, along with other infection prevention strategies, may help to stop this bacterial infection before it starts. Most people experience no to mild side effects from the shot, and many find it convenient to receive the pneumonia shot when they get the flu shot. Seniors who are on a tight budget may find that they can receive the pneumonia shot for free.
Readers may also wish to read:
- Having an Adverse Reaction to an Immunization? A Guide for Seniors
- Pros and Cons of the Shingles Vaccine
- Flu Shot – What Seniors Should Know
- Recommended Vaccines for Seniors
- MRSA in Nursing Home Residents
- Tips for Seniors Traveling with Oxygen
This article is for informational purposes and is not medical advice. Consult with your healthcare professional regarding whether or not the pneumonia shot is the best choice for you.
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