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Thoor Ballylee, Gort, Co Galway, Ireland, Hibernian Scribe

Michael Manning -

' The best lack all conviction while the worst are full of passionate intensity' W.B.Yeats

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Scandinavian History

Scandinavian explorations and conquest of Western Europe by Viking longboats created Viking outposts along West European coastal bays and natural harbours. Erik the Red coukld have reached North America with Iceland a way station. Scandinavia is dominated by Calvinist individuality and well developed economies. Sweden invaded Finland during its empire building phase. Finland under Mannerheim resisted Russian expansion.

Leading Contributors

Latest articles in Scandinavian History

 Flame and Citron: Heroes of the Danish Resistance

Two men, codenamed Flame and Citron, played an important part in the Danish Resistance during the Second World War and were the subject of a 2008 film.

Feb 16, 2012 – Beth MacMillan

The Vikings, Europe's Most Intrepid and Ferocious Pirates

Viking pirates inspired universal dread, bringing death and destruction, suffering and loss to communities living in early medieval Europe.

Apr 28, 2011 – Brenda Ralph Lewis

The University of Copenhagen: Københaven Universitet

History of the University of Copenhagen

Apr 4, 2011 – Frances Simmons

Race for the North and South Poles - Peary and Amundsen

This article looks at two explorers who were so determined to succeed - one reached the North Pole in 1909 and the other, two years later, the South Pole.

Feb 17, 2011 – Linda Smallwood

The Polar Explorers of the Frozen North

This article looks at the spectacular expeditions of two Scandinavian explorers, Nansen and Nordenskiöld - Explorers of Antarctica and the Arctic.

Feb 16, 2011 – Linda Smallwood

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